Introduction: Garo Hills

Garo Hills, situated in the eastern part of Meghalaya, form a captivating region known for its scenic landscapes, rich biodiversity, and vibrant culture. Named after the local Garo people, this area covers approximately 8000 square kilometers and is divided into five districts: East Garo Hills, West Garo Hills, North Garo Hills, South Garo Hills, and South West Garo Hills.

Geography and Districts:

The Shillong Plateau, encompassing the Jaintia hills, Khasi hills, and Garo Hills, characterizes the hilly tracts of Meghalaya. Garo Hills, on the western part of the state, offers diverse sightseeing places, dense forests, and a habitat for various animal and bird species. The five districts within Garo Hills—East, West, North, South, and South West—contribute to the region’s unique charm.

Key Attractions:

• 1. Nokrek Biosphere Reserve:
  • Home to the highest peak, Nokrek, this reserve is crucial for biodiversity.
  • UNESCO-listed biosphere reserve (2009) with endangered species like red pandas and Asian elephants.
  • Unique presence of wild orange (Citrus Indica), considered the ancestor of all cultivated citrus fruits.
• 2. Balphakram National Park:
  • Located in West Garo Hills, famous for its canyon and diverse wildlife.
  • Animals like wild water buffalo, marbled cat, deer, tiger, and red panda inhabit the park.
  • A haven for birdwatchers with various bird species.
• 3. Rongbang Falls:
  • A picturesque waterfall, a tributary of the Simsang river, attracting tourists with its breathtaking view.
• 4. Siju Caves:
  • One of India’s longest cave systems made of limestone, situated by the Simsang River.
  • Known as a Bat cave due to the presence of different bat species.
• 5. Pelga Falls:
  • Located 7 km from Tura, a popular destination for tourists and picnic enthusiasts.
  • Offers fishing opportunities and a serene atmosphere.

Weather and Best Time to Visit:

The ideal time to explore Garo Hills is from September to May when the weather is pleasant for sightseeing. The monsoon season experiences heavy rainfall, making it less favorable for travel.

Local People and Culture:

The Garo people, originally from Tibet, have a rich cultural heritage. They speak the Sino-Tibetan language and follow a matriarchal society where the mother’s clan title is inherited by the next generation. Over the centuries, Christianity has become prevalent among the Garo people. Their staple food includes rice, millet, maize, vegetables, and roots. Non-vegetarian cuisine, featuring beef, pork, and goat meat, is popular. Minil Bichi, a homemade rice liquor, adds to their culinary traditions. Garo homes are constructed using natural materials like timber, bamboo, and cane. The Wangala festival in Asanang village, celebrating the harvest, is a significant cultural event held in October or November. Christmas is also celebrated with enthusiasm.

Conclusion:

Garo Hills, with its natural wonders, wildlife sanctuaries, and vibrant culture, provides a unique and enriching experience for travelers. The blend of picturesque landscapes, diverse flora and fauna, and the warm hospitality of the Garo people makes this region a must-visit destination in Meghalaya.